• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Detector device for leakage of water in pipes and procedure for the detection of leaks. The device of the invention is embodied in a small sphere of neutral buoyancy, in which at least one hydrophone (2) is connected which is connected to a signal processor (9), which stores the information in a memory card (10). ) and which is powered by at least one battery (11), said signal processor (9) having a clock module (12), by which the navigation time elapsed for each signal is associated in the memory (10). Of audio received by the hydrophone (2), so that from the time of navigation the exact position of the detected anomalies or leaks can be established. The device is complemented with a series of external synchronizers, arranged every certain distance, by means of which the position error that could accumulate the device is neutralized. In this way, a simple device is obtained, which is consequently cheap, solid, durable and highly effective. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2588214A2
    申请号:ES201530574
    申请日:2015-04-28
    公开日:2016-10-31
    发明作者:Agustín RAMÍREZ GARCÍA
    申请人:Aganova S L；Aganova SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a device that has been specially designed to carry out the detection of water leaks in large diameter pipes by means of the low frequency sound produced by a water anomaly in a large diameter pipe under load subjected to high pressures
    The object of the invention is to provide a device that, in addition to allowing such detection, is reliable, simple and consequently economical.
    The object of the invention is also the means for inserting and removing the device, as well as the actual procedure used to detect the exact positioning of the leak. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    In the practical scope of the invention, in the current water leak detection apparatus, especially those centered on transport pipes, leak detection generally uses a moisture measurement close to water leakage . This measurement is carried out by means of different devices, either humidity measurement, temperature measurement, or variation of a voltage caused by an induced current that varies depending on the humidity of the place.
    In US4016748 A a method and apparatus for detecting a leak in a conduit is presented. The method contemplates, starting from a fluid that flows through a conduit at a pressure higher than atmospheric, the placement inside the duct of a leak sensor


    floating that is sensitive to differences in pressure and speed caused by a leak, moving the leak sensor through the conduit along with the fluid, whereby the sensor stops its movement through the conduit once a leak is detected.
    This invention resolves the detection of a first leak in a conduit, but stops upon finding it and is relative to the size of the leak produced in the conduit. Therefore, with the device described in US4016748 A it is possible to detect the first leak in a conduit, but it is not possible to detect possible subsequent leaks.
    Also present in the market are leak detection devices such as the one described in document US20130186181 A1, which has a rigid body that rests elastically inside an external cage and is moved by a suction force generated by a local pressure gradient that It results from a leak within a pipe network. However, this method solves the problem of detecting water leaks inside a pipe, but with a leakage distance proportional to the pressure gradient generated by the leak. With this invention a solution is intended for the entire pipe network through which water is transported and distributed.
    Other leak detection modes based on the invention patent US20140174186 A1 are also known, which provides a system for detecting leaks of a fluid in a pipe network by means of flow meters and water vibration detectors. In said invention, a processor analyzes the signals of the flow meters, it being necessary to measure the flow flowing through the interior of the pipe network in each section. These systems are used to detect large leaks, since flow meters must capture the difference in flow between two points and if the leak is small, this value is negligible.
    On the other hand, the invention patent US4894539 presents a method for determining the position of a leak in a conduit or pipe, especially one of small diameter, into which a short piece of co-axial cable is inserted, which carries a radioisotope of Short duration in the conduit or pipe and it is forced to move along the pipe. With this invention the leak detection is partially resolved but only in small diameter pipes.


    Trying to obviate this problem, the invention patent WO 2006/081671 is known, in which a device materialized in a kind of sphere is described, provided with a magnetic sensor, an accelerometer and means for data collection, being able to incorporate a acoustic sensor, such as a hydrophone.
    Although using hydrophones, that is, through the emission of sounds and analysis of the sounds received by the device when they are emitted inside a pipe, water leaks can be detected very effectively, due to the different response received in front of a pipe without leaks, the reality is that it is not only necessary to detect this presence, but it is essential to be able to position the exact place where the leak has been detected.
    In this regard, the device described in the invention patent WO 2006/081671, provides means for this purpose that are complex and consequently expensive, as well as imprecise.
    To do this, and more specifically, in said device it is provided that the sphere in which it is materialized, present some means that make it float, in order that the sphere moves rolling along the pipe or pipes of concerned, so that its position is calculated by controlling the revolutions it gives on the pipe wall, using an accelerometer, which complicates the internal structure of the device in addition to obtaining readings that errors may occur, if the sphere slides instead of rolling, to which we must add the fact that the possible measurement errors are significantly increased when the length of the pipes to be analyzed is very high, since there are no means that Synchronize the device after a certain preset distance. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The device that is recommended, solves in a fully satisfactory way the problem previously exposed in each of the aspects mentioned, providing a much more precise, structurally simple, and consequently more economical and reliable device.


    To do this, and based on the conventional structuring mentioned above, that is to say by the inclusion of a sound capture device, especially an apparatus with a hydrophone and an electronic system that characterizes the sound received by the hydrophone to uniquely identify the existence of a leak in the pipe in question, the device of the invention materializes in a kind of sphere, which does not need means to make it float, since it is not intended to rotate on the internal surface of the pipe , nor does it need a coating that adherent material that guarantees said rotation, but that the present device travels together with the flow of water circulating through the pipe, with a neutral buoyancy, so that the one that said device slips or rolls does not affect not at all when determining precisely the exact positioning of it for which a leak has been detected in said tuber a.
    Consequently, and as just described, the device has an aquatic hydrophone associated with a signal adapter and a processor capable of characterizing the signal received by the hydrophone, so that the sound emitted by an anomaly (water leakage or air bag) inside a large diameter pipe has a concrete and known sound spectrum. More specifically, the sound emitted by a water leak in a large diameter pipe subjected to high pressures focuses on the range of audible sound, between 20 Hz and 20 KHz, being easily distinguished and characterized. In fact, the amplitude of the sound that gives off a leak inside a large diameter pipe increases its value by increasing the pressure inside the pipe.
    Since there are no disturbances inside a pipe, the sounds detected inside a pipe are most likely due to an anomaly in the water of a large diameter pipe. By placing a hydrophone that captures this signal, when the pipe is full of water, the need to empty the large diameter pipe and fill it with gas is eliminated, and of course the water consumption is reduced by emptying and filling the pipes. water transport
    Hydrophone and processor are attached to a battery and covered by a hollow housing, introducing the assembly inside a large diameter pipe through the access valves available in the pipe access caskets quickly and easily.


    In accordance with the essence of the invention, the microprocessor has a clock module, by which the time elapsed since the insertion of the device is assigned to each of the acoustic signals received and interpreted by it.
    For the activation of said timing, the device has an ignition system from which the device begins to control the time it has been traveling inside the pipe, of which the water flow is known and, consequently, the speed at which the device travels together.
    The ignition control system is used to switch the device from the off mode to the on mode.
    The device is waterproof and cannot be opened, so an additional connector is required to perform the ignition. It consists of two main parts: a USB connector and the control circuitry.
    The USB connector is used to charge the internal battery, as well as to make a physical connection between the internal clock module and the external one.
    For its part, the control circuitry creates a pulse that causes the device to switch from on to off mode, and vice versa. It is formed by a hose or cable, which connects the USB connector with the control circuitry, a power button that generates an electric current that, in turn, causes the control circuitry to activate or not the device, and a LED status, which warns if it is in on or off mode.
    In parallel, it is planned that the device has a communications module, which is used to send information, from inside the device to the outside, without having to open it.
    Information will be sent in at least one of the following three ways: Bluetooth, long-range radio communication, or ultrasonic communication.
    Bluetooth communication is used for massive data dump abroad, as well


    As for device identification.
    Ultrasonic communication is used to establish communication with the device inside the pipe.
    Long-range radio communication is used to establish communication with the device if any of the other communication methods fail, being a redundant communication system.
    These means of communication of the device are extremely effective in eliminating possible errors in the measurement of the device, so that a connection with synchronization systems arranged externally every certain distance next to the pipes is provided, from which the device is "repositioned", and anomalies found along the pipe are calculated.
    These synchronizers define known reference points, so that the positioning error and uncertainty that may exist in the distance calculation is zero at the known point. Synchronizer systems are used to create bounded / known sections of the start / end of the route. By placing synchronizers in the path of the device the operability is improved, since greater distances can be made, maintaining a constant margin of error, and in a known section errors can be minimized if it is divided into smaller sections.
    For this, the synchronizing systems consist of a communications module, a clock module and a power module.
    The communications module is used to send data from the device to the outside of the pipe. This information can be stored in the synchronization system or it can be sent to an external server that stores the information through a GSM / GPRS module. The communication can be unidirectional communication, from the synchronizer system to the device, using knockers, tone generators and bluetooth, or two-way communication, between the synchronizer system and the device, by means of radio or ultrasonic communications.


    The unidirectional communications system emits a pattern known by the device from outside the pipe to the communications module, so that it identifies that pattern and acts accordingly. The pattern can be generated using a punch system, a tone generating system, or a Bluetooth module.
    The purpose of the device is to know where the anomalies are inside a pipe. For this, the audio recorded by the recording system and extracted through the control module of the ignition system is used. With the recorded audio, anomalies existing inside the pipe can be detected, as well as the time it took for the device to arrive from the beginning until the anomaly. By knowing the time elapsed until the anomaly and the speed of the water, thanks to some flowmeters that the insertion system incorporates, the distance at which the anomalies are found can be calculated, thanks to the equation of the uniform rectilinear movement, where it is held in Only the water propagation direction counts.
    Using only one hydrophone as a data system means that the processing time is shorter than that of other anomaly detection systems.
    Since only the water propagation direction is taken into account, the processing time decreases, since the distance must only be calculated based on time and speed.
    To perform this calculation it is necessary to know the positions (of the insertion system, position of the extraction system, position of the synchronizers), flow rate at the moment in which the device was navigating inside the pipe and the elapsed time, from the time the device was inserted into the pipe, until the anomaly was detected.
    The positions are used to know the distance between the insertion points, synchronizers and extraction. To know them, the cartography of the place is used, if there is no cartography, a GPS is used to know it. The synchronizer points are used to make a calculation by sections, reducing the known section error.
    The flow rate is known thanks to a flow meter placed in the system


    Insertion or extraction system. This speed is used to know the distance as a function of time, thanks to the equation of uniform rectilinear motion.
    To minimize the error, algorithms are used to identify non-measurable states of a dynamic system, subjected to white noise.
    For its part, the housing can be of various materials or set of them, among which the plastic can be highlighted, and can optionally incorporate a wireless communications module, which sends in real time the sound inside the pipe, to a module of communications, receiver outside the pipe.
    As for the insertion and extraction system, an insertion device comprising a rod, a plate, an o-ring, a flexible metal jacket and a flowmeter is defined.
    The device is placed inside the metal jacket, the metal jacket is connected to the large diameter pipe socket, the large diameter pipe valve is opened and pushed through the rod, into the pipe so that the flowmeter measures the speed of water.
    The metal jacket serves, together with its anchors, to create an area with the same pressure as the inside of the large diameter pipe, which is accessed. In this shirt the device is introduced.
    The rod is responsible for transmitting the movement from the top of the shirt, where the device is located, to the bottom of the shirt, where the inside of the pipe is located.
    The need for an O-ring is due to the high pressure inside the metal jacket. If not used, it is together, the water would flow out of the joint.
    The plate serves so that the device does not slip when pushed by the rod.
    For its part, the extraction system is used to remove the sphere from inside the


    pipe loaded to the outside. For this, it is made up of a metal jacket, a rod, a net, flexible plates, a camera, an arrival detector, an O-ring, and a flowmeter.
    To do this, the extraction system is placed in a large diameter pipe valve, attached to the metal jacket and pushed to the end of the pipe, where the plates open and the network expands.
    The network catches the device as it approaches this network, so that the camera displays it and the arrival detector is activated.
    Then, it is pulled from the stem upwards and the device inside the shirt is removed.
    For its part, the flowmeter measures the speed of the water, fundamental data to establish the exact distances to the possible leaks.
    The metal jacket serves, together with its anchors, to create an area with the same pressure as the inside of the large diameter pipe, which is accessed.
    In this shirt the network is introduced and, subsequently, the device is collected.
    The rod is responsible for transmitting the movement from the top of the metal jacket, where the extraction system is located, to the bottom of the jacket, where the inside of the pipe is located. Subsequently, when the device is detected, the movement is transmitted from inside the pipe, where the collection system is located, to the top of the metal jacket, where it will be collected.
    The O-ring is used since the pressure inside the metal jacket is high. If not used, it is together, the water would flow out of the joint.
    The camera is placed at the bottom of the collection system, focused upwards. This allows you to perform the following actions:


    1) Position the collection system perpendicular to the direction of the tube.
    2) Check the flow that circulates inside the pipe, to confirm that the drag speed is sufficient to make the device navigate.
     3) When the device reaches the collection system, you can see it directly.
    The camera has a video output that connects to an external monitor outside the pipe.
    The network of the collection system must be made of a flexible and shock-resistant material caused by the arrival of the device.
    In this way, a device for detecting water leaks in extremely simple, solid, efficient, durable and economical pipes is achieved. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that will then be made, and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of said description is attached as an integral part of said description. drawings where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    Figure 1 shows a representation corresponding to a front elevation view of a water leak detection device in pipes made in accordance with the object of the present invention.
    Figure 2.- Shows a perspective and sectional view according to an imaginary vertical and diametral plane of the device of the previous figure.
    Figure 3.- Shows an exploded view of the device of the previous figures.
    Figure 4.- Shows a sectional and sectional view of an access to a large diameter pipe from which the device of the invention is inserted, being able to observe the


    device used to easily carry out said insertion.
    Figure 5 shows a view similar to that of Figure 4, but corresponding to the extraction means provided for the device of the invention.
    Figure 6.- Shows a view in longitudinal section of a section of large diameter pipe with a water leak in its wall, being able to observe how this leak produces a sound different from the rest of the pipe when an acoustic signal is applied , which is easily identifiable by the device of the invention.
    Figure 7.- Shows a detail in perspective of the means for collecting the device, at the lower level thereof.
    Figure 8 shows, finally, a detail of the collection means shown in Figure 7, in which the inclusion of a focus-chamber assembly that facilitates the work of extracting said device can be observed. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    As can be seen in the figures outlined, and especially in Figures 1 to 3, the device of the invention is constituted from an essentially spherical housing, obtained from two semi-housings (1-1 ') that are tightly coupled each other, in which there is a hydrophone (2), the semi-housings being affected by holes (3) and windows (4) on which connections (7-8) are arranged, connected to the hydrophone (2), for to capture the sound produced in the water.
    The hydrophone (2) is connected to a signal processor (9), which stores the information on a memory card (10) and is powered by a battery (11), said signal processor (9) having a module clock (12) or timer, through which the reception of the signals is associated with the specific moment of reception of them, so that, from the speed or flow of the water, positioning can be established with great precision Exactly of the leak detected from the time that has elapsed until the moment of its detection.


    The housing is complemented with a series of perimeter grooves, in which the corresponding seals (33) are inserted, which constitute adherent means that would allow the device to roll in case of jamming, although, and as previously mentioned, the means that determine the positioning of the device and consequently of the possible leaks, are fully functional and independent of the relative position or not in which the device is located.
    These joints are responsible for increasing the drag surface so that the force of the water moves the device. Being the buoyancy neutral, the device navigates through the area of the pipe that has the highest water velocity, which is the center of the pipe.
    The device is capable of incorporating a communications module (13), so that it can communicate in real time with a series of synchronizers, arranged externally and every certain distance along the pipes, so that the module Communications is used to send data from the device to the outside of the pipeline, information that can be stored in the synchronization system or can be sent to an external server that stores the information via a GSM / GPRS module.
    The communication can be unidirectional communication, from the synchronizer system to the device, by means of knockers, tone generators and bluetooth, or bidirectional communication between the synchronizer system and the device through radio or ultrasonic communications, so that through the use of such synchronizers readjust the positional parameters of the device, avoiding the accumulation of errors in the calculation of the distance traveled by it.
    In figure 4 it is shown how the device is introduced into a large diameter pipe by means of the access system (14) of the casings of the water distribution network. To ensure that the leak detection system enters the interior of the pipe (15), a rod (16) is connected to the access system through the access valve (17). In this way, the access valve (17) is opened and the leak detector is pushed through the stem (16). More specifically, the stem is introduced through its limb


    bottom with a metal jacket (21) that serves, together with its anchors, to create an area with the same pressure as the inside of the large diameter pipe, which is accessed.
    The set is complemented by an O-ring, not referenced, which is used since the pressure inside the metal jacket is high. If not used, it is together, the water would flow out of the joint.
    On the other hand, in figure 5, and to ensure the correct removal of the leak detector, a device is provided that has a rod (16 ’), which includes a network lower
    (18) intended to receive the device. In the same way as with the insertion device, the rod (16 ’) is passed through the access valve (17) of the access socket (14’) and is joined by an O-ring.
    The device is complemented by a metal jacket (21 '), a pair of flexible plates (22) to which the network (18) is attached and an electronic device (23) that integrates a camera, an arrival detector and a flowmeter .
    In this way, the extraction system is placed in a large diameter pipe valve, joins the metal jacket and is pushed to the end of the pipe where the plates open and the network expands.
    The network catches the device as it approaches this network, so that the camera displays it and the arrival detector is activated.
    Then, it is pulled from the stem upwards, the plates are closed and the device inside the shirt is removed.
    For its part, the flowmeter measures the speed of the water, fundamental data to establish the exact distances to the possible leaks.
    As can be seen in Figure 6, dragged by the force of the water stream (19) the leak detection system will advance through the pipe (15). When in the pipe wall
    (15) a water leak is found (20), it will emit a different sound (21) that is captured by the hydrophone (2).


    As for the dimensions of the sphere, although these may vary according to different design criteria, by way of example, it can be materialized in a sphere between 50 and 150mm radius and 0.8mm thick, with a tight seal and obtained
    5 preferably in plastic, although it could be obtained in other materials or combinations thereof.

    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
     R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
    1st.- Water leak detection device in pipes, which being of the type that incorporates sound emission / reception means for analysis thereof within a pipeline through which a fluid capable of presenting leaks flows, such as one or more hydrophones associated with an analysis circuit of said sound signals, it is characterized in that it is constituted from a housing of essentially spherical configuration, of neutral buoyancy, in which at least one hydrophone (2) is connected which is connected to a signal processor (9), which stores the information on a memory card (10) and that is powered by at least one battery (11), said signal processor (9) counting on a clock module (12) , by means of which the browsing time elapsed for each audio signal received by the hydrophone (2) is associated in the memory (10).
    2nd.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claim 1, characterized in that it incorporates communications module (13), so that the device can communicate in real time with a series of synchronizers, arranged externally and every certain distance at along the pipes, from which defined start / end sections defined and known are defined, in which the positioning error is zero, readjusting the positional parameters of the device, synchronizers consisting of a communications module, a clock module and a power module.
    3rd.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the communications module can be unidirectional or bidirectional.
    4th.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the communication modules are based on the use of knockers, tone generators and / or Bluetooth, or in the case of being bi-directional communication via communications via radio or ultrasound.
    5th.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the device has an essentially spherical configuration, obtained from two semi-housings (1-1 ') that are tightly coupled to each other, affected by holes (3) and windows (4) on which connections (7-8) with the hydrophone are arranged, determining means of receiving the sound produced in the water.

    6th.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes an ignition system from which the device begins to control the time it has been traveling inside the pipe.
    7.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing includes a plurality of perimeter grooves in which the corresponding joints (33) determining adherent elements that facilitate the rolling of the device before a possible jam.
    10. 8th.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes an accessory for inserting the device into the pipe, comprising a rod (16) dimensionally suitable for being introduced through the access valve ( 17) to the pipe (15) to be controlled, associated to a lower plate (21) that has a
    15 O-ring and a flexible metal jacket (21) on which the device is arranged, optionally with a flowmeter.
    9.- Water leak detection device in pipes, according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes an accessory for extracting the device in the pipe, comprising a
    20 stem (16 '), dimensionally suitable for being introduced through the access valve (17) to the pipe (15), associated with a network (18) intended to receive the device, an O-ring, a metal jacket and a pair of flexible plates (22) to which the network (18) is fixed, with electronic equipment (23) that integrates a camera, a device arrival detector, and a flowmeter.
    25 10th.- Procedure for the detection of water leaks in pipes, characterized in that it consists in the emission / reception of acoustic signals within the pipeline, along the same, signals that are recorded together with the exact time instant in which they have been taken, so that these signals are analyzed and interpreted to
    30 detect possible anomalies corresponding to possible water leaks, so that from the elapsed time and the flow of water that circulates inside the pipe and that is known, the exact distance in which each of them is located is obtained the anomalies detected.



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